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Paradigm Generator
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kuralaltam | om kuralalt |
| 2SG: | kuralaltat | ot kuralalt |
| 3SG: | kuralalteš | ok/ogeš kuralalt |
| 1PL: | kuralaltə̑na | ona/ogə̑na kuralalt |
| 2PL: | kuralaltə̑da | oda/ogə̑da kuralalt |
| 3PL: | kuralaltə̑t | ogə̑t kuralalt |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kuralaltə̑m | šə̑m kuralalt |
| 2SG: | kuralaltə̑č́ | šə̑č́ kuralalt |
| 3SG: | kuralalte | ə̑š kuralalt |
| 1PL: | kuralaltna | ə̑šna kuralalt |
| 2PL: | kuralaltda | ə̑šda kuralalt |
| 3PL: | kuralaltə̑č́ | ə̑št kuralalt |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kuralaltə̑nam | kuralaltə̑n omə̑l |
| 2SG: | kuralaltə̑nat | kuralaltə̑n otə̑l |
| 3SG: | kuralaltə̑n | kuralaltə̑n ogə̑l |
| 1PL: | kuralaltə̑nna | kuralaltə̑n onal/ogə̑nal |
| 2PL: | kuralaltə̑nda | kuralaltə̑n odal/ogə̑dal |
| 3PL: | kuralaltə̑nə̑t | kuralaltə̑n ogə̑tə̑l |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kuralaltam ə̑l'e | om kuralalt ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | kuralaltat ə̑l'e | ot kuralalt ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | kuralalteš ə̑l'e | ok/ogeš kuralalt ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | kuralaltə̑na ə̑l'e | ona/ogə̑na kuralalt ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | kuralaltə̑da ə̑l'e | oda/ogə̑da kuralalt ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | kuralaltə̑t ə̑l'e | ogə̑t kuralalt ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kuralaltam ulmaš | om kuralalt ulmaš |
| 2SG: | kuralaltat ulmaš | ot kuralalt ulmaš |
| 3SG: | kuralalteš ulmaš | ok/ogeš kuralalt ulmaš |
| 1PL: | kuralaltə̑na ulmaš | ona/ogə̑na kuralalt ulmaš |
| 2PL: | kuralaltə̑da ulmaš | oda/ogə̑da kuralalt ulmaš |
| 3PL: | kuralaltə̑t ulmaš | ogə̑t kuralalt ulmaš |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kuralaltə̑nam ə̑l'e | kuralaltə̑n omə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | kuralaltə̑nat ə̑l'e | kuralaltə̑n otə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | kuralaltə̑n ə̑l'e | kuralaltə̑n ogə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | kuralaltə̑nna ə̑l'e | kuralaltə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | kuralaltə̑nda ə̑l'e | kuralaltə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | kuralaltə̑nə̑t ə̑l'e | kuralaltə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kuralaltə̑nam ulmaš | kuralaltə̑n omə̑l ulmaš |
| 2SG: | kuralaltə̑nat ulmaš | kuralaltə̑n otə̑l ulmaš |
| 3SG: | kuralaltə̑n ulmaš | kuralaltə̑n ogə̑l ulmaš |
| 1PL: | kuralaltə̑nna ulmaš | kuralaltə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš |
| 2PL: | kuralaltə̑nda ulmaš | kuralaltə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš |
| 3PL: | kuralaltə̑nə̑t ulmaš | kuralaltə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | kuralalt | it kuralalt |
| 3SG: | kuralaltše | ə̑nže kuralalt |
| 1PL: | (kuralaltə̑na) | (ona/ogə̑na kuralalt) |
| 2PL: | kuralaltsa | ida kuralalt |
| 3PL: | kuralaltə̑št | ə̑nə̑št kuralalt |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kuralaltnem | ə̑nem kuralalt |
| 2SG: | kuralaltnet | ə̑net kuralalt |
| 3SG: | kuralaltneže | ə̑než kuralalt |
| 1PL: | kuralaltnena | ə̑nena kuralalt |
| 2PL: | kuralaltneda | ə̑neda kuralalt |
| 3PL: | kuralaltnešt | ə̑nešt kuralalt |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kuralaltnem ə̑l'e | ə̑nem kuralalt ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | kuralaltnena ə̑l'e | ə̑net kuralalt ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | kuralaltneže ə̑l'e | ə̑než kuralalt ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | kuralaltnena ə̑l'e | ə̑nena kuralalt ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | kuralaltneda ə̑l'e | ə̑neda kuralalt ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | kuralaltnešt ə̑l'e | ə̑nešt kuralalt ə̑l'e |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | kuralaltnet ulmaš | ə̑net kuralalt ulmaš |
| 3SG: | kuralaltneže ulmaš | ə̑než kuralalt ulmaš |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | kuralaltneda ulmaš | ə̑neda kuralalt ulmaš |
| 3PL: | kuralaltnešt ulmaš | ə̑nešt kuralalt ulmaš |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | kuralaltaš |
| Necessitive infinitive: | kuralaltman |
| Active participle: | kuralaltše |
| Passive participle: | kuralaltme |
| Future-necessitive participle: | kuralaltšaš |
| Negative participle: | kuralaltdə̑me |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | kuralaltə̑n |
| Negative gerund: | kuralaltde |
| Gerund of prior action: | kuralaltmek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | kuralaltmeš(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | kuralaltšə̑la |
| Nominalization: | kuralaltmaš |
| Negative nominalization: | kuralaltdə̑maš |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||